UPS APC Easy UPS E3LUPS400KHS 400KVA

Spesialis Elektronik – UPS APC Easy UPS E3LUPS400KHS 400KVA

Introduction

As discussed in White Paper 64, Why Data Centers Must Prioritize Environmental Sustainability: Four Key Drivers, companies are seeking ways of decreasing their data center’s environmental footprint and of their company in general. These needs apply to all data center sizes, from the largest multi-megawatt purpose-built data center to a single-rack micro data center in a branch office. Most vendors recognize these needs and therefore promote their product’s sustainability as a means to help their customers attain their sustainability goals.

As one of the leading companies in demonstrating sustainability1, Schneider Electric believes that customers care about three key topics when it
comes to sustainable products :

1. Compliance with applicable regulations, particularly those related to hazardous substances. Includes mandatory compliance to hazardous substance regulations such as the European directive for Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS); European Regulation for Registration, Evaluation (REACh); European directive for Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE); China RoHS; and California Proposition 65.
2. Sustainability data that is free and available to all customers and validates product claims, including documentation like environmental product disclosures and product end-of-life treatments.
3. Performance characteristics that improve a product’s sustainability, including lower impact materials, energy efficiency, durability, repairability, and take-back.

Environmental declarations

An environmental product declaration (EPD) summarizes the environmental life cycle data of a product or service and is normally valid for five years. These documents help specifiers make Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) decisions based on environmental impacts like carbon footprint and water use, making it easier to compare UPSs of the same category.

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) publishes the standards that underly EPDs, in particular ISO 14025. EPDs must be based on life cycle assessment (LCA) data or life cycle inventory analysis (LCI) data, which are governed by the ISO 14040 standard. For more information on ISO standards, see Schneider Electric White Paper 70. Note that ISO 14040 is generic and applies to all types of products and services.

The following sections explain how to read an EPD, explain three key concepts of a 3-phase UPS PSR, and describe the typical carbon profile of a 3-phase UPS.

Reporting environmental data for a UPS

Program operators like the P.E.P. Association administer programs in compliance with ISO 14025 so that EPDs report the same type of information. They develop, approve, and publish product category rules (PCR) and product-specific rules (PSR) for Type III environmental declarations. All EPDs must be independently verified by internal2 or external experts and provide information need to track Scope 1, 2, and 33 emissions.

For this e-guide, the PCR related to a UPS covers electrical, electronic, and HVAC-R products and defines how vendors should perform the LCA. When the PCR isn’t detailed enough to develop EPDs for specific products, program operators develop PSRs.

What is a PEP and how to read it

PEP stands for Product Environmental Profile. The PEP Ecopassport association defines which mandatory information a PEP must provide. While the templates change from vendor to vendor, the key information needed for a UPS comparison is usually presented in the following order:

1. The “reference product” or “representative product”
2. The “function” or “functional unit”
3. Constituent materials
4. Additional environmental information
5. Environmental impacts
6. Verification information

Product specific rules (PSR) for 3-phase UPS

The PSRs define rules for specific products within the larger product category. Due to their unique function, such as multiple operating modes, UPSs are one of those products that require their own product specific rules.

There are 3 key concepts in the UPS PSR that play a significant role in determining the life cycle carbon footprint of a UPS.

• Reference Service Life (RSL)

The RSL is the length of time the UPS is expected to remain in service. According to section 3.5.5.1 of the PSR, a 3-phase UPS over 10 kW has a service life of 15 years. This means that the life cycle assessment accounts for 15 years of UPS emissions. For example, if the electricity use emissions for the UPS is 100,000 kg CO2e per year, its lifetime electricity emissions would be 100,000 kg CO2e x 15 years or 1,500,000 kg CO2e

• Typical load profile

A load profile is meant to ensure that all manufacturers use the same assumptions to calculate electricity use. A load profile includes % load, length of time a UPS operates during its lifetime, and UPS operating mode.

For 3-phase UPSs greater than 10 kW, the electricity use is based on operating at:

• 25% load for 25% of the UPS life (3.75 years)
• 50% load for 50% of the UPS life (7.5 years)
• 75% load for 25% of the UPS life (3.75 years)
• 100% load at 0% of the UPS life (0 years)

Product specific rules (PSR) for 3-phase UPS (continued)

• Energy efficiency calculation

The percent load and operating mode are important because they determine the UPS’s efficiency at a specific load percentage. If a UPS has two operating modes, it will have two different efficiency values that characterize each mode. However, according to UPS PSR section 3.5.5.3, the electricity use calculation must be based on the UPS’s operating mode with the worst case weighted efficiency; which in most cases is double conversion.

The weighted efficiency for a 3-phase UPS (>10 kW) is calculated according to the formula:

Weighted efficiency = 25% x Eff25% + 50% x Eff50% + 25% x Eff75% + 0% x Eff100%

• Weighted efficiency in double conversion
  = 25% x 95.6% + 50% X 96% + 25% x 95.7% + 0% x 95.2% = 95.8%
• Weighted efficiency in eConversion
  = 25% x 97.9% + 50% X 98.8% + 25% x 98.9% + 0% x 99% = 98.6%

UPS carbon footprint comparisons

• A sustainability comparison makes sense only after developing a list of UPS models that meet your functional requirements.
• In the case of a UPS, requirements may include kW capacity, physical footprint, efficiency, modularity, etc. Once you have a list of UPSs, then you can quantitatively compare their environmental characteristics.
• The most effective way to do this is to compare their PEPs.
• A comprehensive UPS carbon footprint comparison should consider all five of its life cycle stages. This section first explains common errors to avoid when comparing UPSs and then provides step by step guidance on comparing each of the five life cycle stages.
• We use two UPSs to demonstrate the comparison. A key theme in this section is the concept of comparing “apples to apples.”

Conclusion UPS APC Easy UPS E3LUPS400KHS 400KVA

As more companies and consumers seek to reduce their environmental footprint, vendors are responding with claims of environmentally sustainable UPSs. Assessing the environmental sustainability of a UPS is complex and claims are difficult to ascertain without knowing the underlying assumptions and standards upon which they are made. By understanding the calculations behind the sustainability claims of the UPS you are considering, you can confidently choose a UPS that is better for your operations and the planet.

This e-guide defined and covered five life cycle stages that encompass a UPS’s environmental sustainability performance. We provided explanations for how to calculate the electricity-based UPS emissions. Finally, we offered guidance for how to accurately assess the sustainability of similar UPSs and a tool to help with UPS comparisons.

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